21/09/2021
DICTIONARY OF A YOUNG INVESTOR
* Fasting for the young and the green. If you consider yourself a shark of finance, you can skip it. Well, or take a quick look and add terms from yourself to this dictionary in the comments.
And we turn to the topic of the post. You asked — I did it. I have prepared for you a basic stock of terms for an investor, so that you will already stop writing me a personal question: "What is a broker?". Just kidding, keep writing, I'll help you in any way I can.
1 Брок A broker is an intermediary between the exchange and an investor who wants to buy or sell something on the stock market. By "something" we do not mean a used Lada (this is not an Avito for you), but stocks, bonds, ETFs and other financial instruments.
2 Актив An asset is a form of ownership that involves generating income. By assets (we are talking about financial assets here), they mean: deposits, deposits, shares, commercial real estate, etc. Simply put, if you bought something and it brings you money — it is an asset, if it takes away money — it is a liability. For example: an expensive foreign car, apartments in Moscow City or a wife...
3. A portfolio is a set of assets owned by an investor, aimed at preserving and increasing capital. The portfolio may consist of securities, real estate and other instruments... even crypts. By the way, the portfolio is different from the portfolio. You need to make a portfolio for your risk tolerance and the investment period. We'll talk about it sometime.
4 Акция A share is a security that gives the owner the right to receive a part of the business profit. Buying shares of a company, you buy part of the business ... 0.00000000001 part, of course, but it's still nice. There are two ways to make a profit by owning a share: either sell the share when it grows in price, or do not twitch and receive dividends, but not all companies pay dividends.
5️ ⃣ Dividends are payments to the owners of shares, which are formed from the company's profit. Dividends are one of the ways to provide yourself with the desired passive income, which is so often written about in VK publications.
6️ ⃣ A bond is actually a promissory note. It means that the company (or the state) is sitting and understands that money is needed for development. He goes to the stock exchange, makes a bond placement and thereby borrows money from investors, and investors receive cash accruals for the purchase of securities. After some time, the bonds are "extinguished" and return the investor's hard money.
7️ ⃣ Ticker is a short name of financial instruments. For example, BABA (Alibaba Group), GAZP (Gazprom). As you have noticed, I often use tickers when marking any shares. By the ticker, by the way, it is easier to find a stock from a broker than to drive in the name.
8️ ⃣ Blue chips are the shares of the most popular and stable companies on the stock market. An example of blue chips in the Russian Federation: Beber, Lukoil, Norilsk Nickel. In the USA: Apple, Microsoft, Amazon, Coca-Cola.
9 Инфля Inflation is the depreciation of money, to put it simply. If it is more difficult — an increase in the general level of prices for goods and services for a long time. With inflation, the same amount of money will buy less goods and services after some time than before. In this case, they say that the purchasing power of money has decreased over the past time. A rough example: with an annual inflation of 8%, goods and services that you could buy this year for 5000 rubles will cost 5400 rubles next year.
