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Real man in real world, Kyiv (2026)

25/05/2022

Having received a letter of support from an old friend from Moscow Alexei Sokha, Grigory Skovoroda in the same 1754 decided to go to the capital city together with the preacher Vladimir Kaligraf and the future prefect of the Moscow Academy and Bishop of Vologda Ivan Bratanovsky.[28] It is known that Vladimir Kaligraf, who received in Moscow, like Bratanovsky, the appointment of a prefect, carried with him the works of Erasmus of Rotterdam and Leibniz.[29] It is possible that on the way Skovoroda got acquainted with these works.

25/05/2022

In the same 1754, after his dismissal, Grigory Skovoroda became the home teacher of the fourteen-year-old noble youth Vasya Tomara and lived on the boy's father's estate in the village of Kovray on the Kovraets River near the town of Zolotonosha. The boy was the son of the Pereyaslav Colonel Stepan Ivanovich Tomara, who had Greek roots, and his wife Anna Vasilievna Kochubey, the granddaughter of the famous Judge General of the Zaporizhia Army Vasily Leontyevich Kochubey, who gained fame for denouncing Hetman Ivan Stepanovich Mazepa. Both - Skovoroda and Tomar - had family ties with the Lizogubs. Due to unclear circumstances, Skovoroda's relationship with the Tomara family did not work out. M. I. Kovalensky argued that despite the decent pay, Pan Stefan Tomara, as the colonel called himself, sought to emphasize his superiority over the philosopher, and Tomara's wife, Anna Vasilievna, did not consider Skovoroda a worthy mentor for her son. Once Skovoroda, dissatisfied with a student, called him a "pig's head", the child's mother raised a scandal. As a result of this incident, Grigory Skovoroda left Tomara's house before the end of the contract.

25/05/2022

In early 1750 Skovoroda returned to Kyiv. At the invitation of Nikodim Skrebnitsky, he wrote a "Guide to Poetry" for the Pereyaslav Collegium. The text of the "Guide" has not been preserved, but it is known that the course drawn up by Skovoroda caused discontent of the Pereyaslav bishop. He demanded that Skovoroda teach the subject "in the old days", Skovoroda did not agree with the demand and quoted the Latin proverb "Alia res sceptrum, alia plectrum" ("It is one thing (bishop's) baton, another - (shepherd's) flute"), which was regarded Bishop Nikodim as unforgivable insolence and served as a pretext for the dismissal of Skovoroda from the Pereyaslav Collegium at the Theological Seminary in 1754.

25/05/2022

Wanting to travel around the world, Skovoroda (according to Gustav Hess de Calve) pretended to be crazy, as a result of which he was expelled from the bursa. Soon, according to Kovalensky, Skovoroda went abroad as a churchman under Major General Fyodor Stepanovich Vishnevsky (a Serbian nobleman in Russian service, a close friend and associate of Count A. G. Razumovsky) as part of the Russian mission to Tokaj. The purpose of the mission was to purchase Tokay wines for the imperial court.[26] Researchers suggest that F. S. Vishnevsky took Skovoroda as a teacher for his son G. F. Vishnevsky, who went to Tokay with his father. Against this version is the fact that Gavrila Vishnevsky was older than Skovoroda: at the time of the Tokay mission, he was twenty-nine years old.

25/05/2022

In 1744, Skovoroda arrived in Kyiv as part of the retinue of Empress Elizabeth Petrovna, where he received a dismissal from the post of chorister with the rank of court usher in order to continue his studies at the Kyiv Theological Academy. D. I. Bagalei discovered in the Kharkiv Historical Archive a revision book for 1745, which lists “the court of Pelageya Skovorodikha, whose son (acquired) in choristers.”[25] From the entry in the revision book it follows that Savva Skovoroda was not alive by 1745. While at the academy, Skovoroda listened to lectures by Georgy Konissky, Manuil Kozachinsky, and others. During his studies at the academy, Skovoroda was greatly influenced by the figure of the famous Kyiv traveler and pilgrim Vasily Barsky, who returned to Kyiv at the end of his life.

21/05/2022

Information about the origin of Skovoroda's father is extremely scarce. On the paternal side, Grigory Savvich Skovoroda was associated with the Cossack clergy. According to researchers, Grigory Skovoroda was born on the Harsiki farm, which was part of the village of Chernukhi. Back in the twentieth century, people with the surnames Skovoroda, Skovorodko and Skovorodenko lived there; in the eighteenth century, a land allotment was located in Kharsiky, which was provided in Chernukhy to clergymen. According to Gustav Hess da Calva, the philosopher's father, Savva Skovoroda, was a village priest in Chernukhy, which reinforces the version that the philosopher's father's house could be located in Harsiki.
The clergy also included the cousin of Grigory Skovoroda, Justin Zveryaka, hegumen of the Sinyansky monastery in the village of Pisarevka, Zolochiv district, Kharkiv viceroy. Zveryaka was a well-educated man, he served as a printer in the Kiev-Pechersk Lavra. It is known from the legacy of Skovoroda that Zveryaka read the work of Skovoroda "Lot's Wife", however, did not consider it worthy of attention.[16] As Skovoroda himself wrote: “My brother, could not feel the taste in my Wife Lotova”

21/05/2022

Not wanting to lose the khan's regalia, Muhammad Giray III opposed the Turks, calling on the Cossacks to help him. Together with him, his brother Shan Shagin Giray spoke out against Turkey. Despite the successes, in 1625 Muhammad Giray III suffered a crushing defeat from the Turks and was forced to flee with his relatives to the Cossacks. In 1629, Muhammad Giray III died during another raid on the Crimean Khanate. The brother of the fugitive khan - Shan Shagin Giray - fearing retribution from the Ottomans, was forced to stay with the Cossacks and be baptized. Shan Shagin Giray's attempts to return the Crimean Khanate were unsuccessful. Having converted to Orthodoxy, the Shan-Gireev clan became known as Shangireev and became related to the Cossack foremen Lizogubs. Subsequently, the descendants of the Shan-Gireys entered the service of the Korsun and Kanevsky regiments. The brother of grandfather Skovoroda Stepan Shan-Girey - Fyodor Shan-Girey - served as a priest in Chernigov, later acquired a large estate and sought the title of nobility.

21/05/2022

The philosopher's mother was the daughter of Stepan Shan-Giray, a descendant of a baptized Crimean Tatar who served as a Cossack in the Kanevsky regiment. In 1650, a certain Ivan Shan-Giray was appointed as the appointed colonel in the Kanevsky regiment. The Shan-Gireev family once had a high position in the Crimean Khanate. Accurate information about the father of Stepan Shan-Giray has not been preserved. According to research, presumably, he was directly related to Shan Shagin Giray,[13][14] the younger brother of Khan Muhammad Giray III, who ruled the Crimean Khanate for four years. The father of Shang Shagin Giray and Muhammad Giray III served as governor of Ivan the Terrible in Astrakhan. Muhammad Giray III received the khan's reins of government through intrigues against Khan Dzhanbeg-Girey, who had lost power. However, Dzhanbeg-Giray managed to regain the favor of the Ottomans by taking part in the Persian and Polish wars and thereby rendering great services to the Turks. Turkey called on Muhammad Giray III to bow before Janbeg Giray.

21/05/2022

Grigory Savvich Skovoroda was born on November 22 (December 3), 1722, in the centenary village of Chernukhi of the Lubensky regiment, which was part of the Kyiv province [11]. Among the natives of the Lubensky regiment, the revision books of the 18th century also mention Klim, Fedor and Emelyan Skovoroda, who were obviously related to Grigory Skovoroda. Gregory was the second child in the family of the land-poor Cossack Savka (Savva) Skovoroda and his wife Palazhka (nee Pelageya Stepanovna Shangireeva

21/05/2022

Grigory Savvich Skovoroda (Russian doref. Gregory Savvich Skovoroda, Gregory son of Savva Skovoroda [A 1], lat. Gregorius Sabbae filius Skovoroda, Ukrainian Grigoriy Savich Skovoroda; November 22 (December 3), 1722, Chernukhi township, Kyiv province [A 2 ], Russian Empire - October 29 (November 9), 1794, Ivanovka estate, Kharkov governorship, Russian Empire) - Russian [1] and Ukrainian [2] [A 3] wandering philosopher, poet, fabulist and teacher, who made a significant contribution to the East Slavic culture[3]. Gained fame as the first original philosopher of the Russian Empire[4][5]. Grigory Skovoroda is considered to be the end of the Cossack baroque era and the founder of Russian religious philosophy[6][7][8]. The works of Grigory Skovoroda had a significant impact on a number of Russian thinkers, especially on Vladimir Ern[9].

Grigory Skovoroda is the great-great-grandfather of another Russian philosopher Vladimir Solovyov

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