28/03/2022
What is wulong (oolong) tea?
Wulong (oolong) tea defies a fixed definition. It is typically described as “partially oxidized tea”, which is not wrong, but it’s not a complete picture. The oxidation level does not distinguish it as “wulong” tea. It’s their similarly shared process of elaborate transformation (withering, shaking, pan-firing, rolling, drying, baking) that put these otherwise disparate group of teas under the same name.
There are four separate regions that produce commonly recognized wulong tea. Each has its own distinct style that it owes mostly to local techniques and traditions. The four regions (and their most popular styles) are Wuyi Rock Tea, Anxi Tieguanyin, Guangdong Dan Cong, and Taiwan (various styles). This is not a complete list. There are many more lesser-known styles not listed here. These teas bear little or no resemblance to each other, because each region will emphasize different aspects of the process. Many teas labeled “oolong tea” from outside these regions usually refer to partially-oxidized tea and do not share other aspects of the wulong process. These teas should be judged on their own individual merits. The proper pinyin spelling is “wulong” tea, but it is more common in English to see it spelled “oolong tea” and they mean the same thing.
All Chinese and Taiwan wulong tea varieties are traditionally made using the gongfu style - large amounts of leaf in smaller steeping vessels (usually a gaiwan) for many short steeps. Though gongfu is largely unfamiliar in the west, we highly recommend it for wulong teas (and other Chinese tea types). It’s not to be taken too serious or ceremonial. It’s a lot of fun and anyone can do it